how-to-build.txt

=========================================================================================
Additional libraries/packages/tools needed for Fail*:
=========================================================================================

Required for Fail*:
**********************************************************************
 - libmysqlclient-dev or libmariadbclient-dev
 - libprotobuf-dev
 - libpcl1-dev
 - libboost-thread-dev libboost-system-dev libboost-regex-dev
 - libdwarf-dev
 - libelf-dev
 - protobuf-compiler
 - cmake 2.8.2 (2.8.11 preferred)
 - fontconfig1-dev
 - zlib1g-dev
 - binutils-dev, on newer systems libiberty-dev
 - AspectC++ (ag++, ac++): AspectC++ 1.1 or newer is known to work and can be
   obtained from <http://www.aspectc.org>; nightlies can be downloaded from
   <http://akut.aspectc.org>.  Make sure you use the 64-bit version if running
   in a 64-bit environment.
   * AspectC++ >1.2 (clang-based AspectC++): build with CMAKE_AGPP_FLAGS
     "-D__NO_MATH_INLINES" or "--c_compiler clang++"
 - optional:
   * LLVM 3.3 or 3.4 (needed for several importers in tools/import-trace)
     (compiles/links with 3.1 or 3.2, but fails to properly import information
     from ELF binaries not compiled with -ffunction-sections)
     -  built with "make REQUIRES_RTTI=1" (the Debian/Ubuntu packages already
        come built this way)
     -  details below
   * a MySQL 5.0+ or MariaDB 5.1+ (MariaDB 5.5 recommended) server
 - optional: cmake-curses-gui



Required for the Bochs simulator backend:
**********************************************************************
 - libpthread
 - Probably more, depending on, e.g., the GUI you configure (X11 ->
   libsvga1-dev, libxrandr-dev)

Required for the gem5 simulator backend:
**********************************************************************
 - SCons
 - SWIG
 - zlib
 - m4
 - python-dev
 - optional: libgoogle-perftools-dev

 Required for the pandaboard (openocd) backend:
**********************************************************************
 - libftdi-dev
 - libjim-dev

 Required for the compute-hops tool
**********************************************************************
 - libprocps0-dev

For distribution/parallelization:
**********************************************************************
 - rsync
 - tmux


32-bit FailBochs on x86_64 Linux machines:
**********************************************************************
 - Create a "bochslibs" directory and fill it with all necessary libraries from
   your build machine:
     $ mkdir bochslibs
     $ cp -v $(ldd fail-client|awk '{print $3}'|egrep -v '\(|lib(pthread|selinux|c.so.)|^$') bochslibs/
 - Copy this directory to ~/bochslibs on all machines lacking these libraries
   (this may also be the case for i386 machines you cannot install library
   packages on yourself).  client.sh will add ~/bochslibs to LD_LIBRARY_PATH if
   it exists.

=========================================================================================
Compiling, building and modifying: Simulators and Fail*
=========================================================================================

Building Fail*:
**********************************************************************

For the first time:
------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Enter the "fail/" directory (${FAIL_DIR}, see also "fail-structure.txt"):
      $ cd fail/
 2. (Optional) Cleanup previous CMake remnants:
      $ find -name CMakeCache.txt | xargs rm
 3. Create out-of-source build directory (${BUILD_DIR}, see also "fail-structure.txt"):
      $ mkdir build
 4. Enter out-of-source build directory.  All generated files end up there.
      $ cd build
 5. Generate CMake environment.
      $ cmake ..
 6. Setup build configuration by opening the CMake configuration tool
      $ ccmake .
    Select "BUILD_BOCHS" or "BUILD_GEM5".  Select an experiment to enable by
    naming its "experiments/" subdirectory under "EXPERIMENTS_ACTIVATED".
    Configure Fail* features you need for this experiment by enabling
    "CONFIG_*" options.  Press 'c', 'g' to regenerate the build system.
    (Alternatively use
      $ cmake-gui .
    for a Qt GUI.)  To enable a Debug build, choose "Debug" as the build type,
    otherwise choose "Release".
    If building FailBochs, optionally set up the bochs configure flags
    for your need.


After changes to Fail* code:
------------------------------------------------------------
Compile (in ${BUILD_DIR}, optionally "add -jN" for parallel building):
  $ make
CMake will build all Fail* libraries and link them with the simulator backend
library to a binary called "fail-client".  You may use the shell script
  $ ${FAIL_DIR}/scripts/rebuild-bochs.sh [-]
to speed up repetitive tasks regarding Fail/Bochs builds.  This script contains
a concise documentation on itself.


Add new Fail* sources to build chain:
------------------------------------------------------------
To add new source files to the build, see CMakeLists.txt in the subdirectory of the
corresponding component in "${FAIL_DIR}/src/core/", and probably consultate the
CMake docs: http://cmake.org/cmake/help/documentation.html


Add new experiment/plugin/campaign:
------------------------------------------------------------
Look at "${FAIL_DIR}/src/experiments/coolchecksum/" as a template.  After creating a
new subdirectory in "experiments/", activate it in the CMake configuration step (see
above).


Generating the Doxygen documentation for Fail*:
**********************************************************************
To generate the Doxygen documentation, type:
  $ make doc
The documentation files (HTML and LaTeX) are located in "${BUILD_DIR}/src/core/doc/".
To open the HTML documentation, type:
  $ firefox src/core/doc/html/index.html
(You may want to replace "firefox" with your favourite browser.) The LaTeX docs need
to be compiled previously:
  $ cd src/core/doc/latex; make


FailBochs: Bochs configuration features
**********************************************************************

 The autotools-based bochs is configured within the Fail* build run. 
 The configuration flags can be set within the ccmake configuration (ccmake ${FAIL_DIR}/build)
     - Sufficient:
         --enable-cpu-level=6;--enable-ne2000;--enable-trace-cache;--enable-gdb-stub;--disable-docbook
     - More simulator features (FailBochs default configuration):
         --enable-a20-pin;--enable-x86-64;--enable-cpu-level=6;--enable-ne2000;--enable-acpi;--enable-pci;--enable-usb;--enable-trace-cache;--enable-fast-function-calls;--enable-host-specific-asms;--enable-disasm;--enable-readline;--enable-clgd54xx;--enable-fpu;--enable-vmx=2;--enable-monitor-mwait;--enable-cdrom;--enable-sb16=linux;--enable-gdb-stub;--disable-docbook;--with-all-libs
    Instead of --with-all-libs, you could use --with-nogui for "headless" experiments,
    additionally removing lots of library dependencies (thus reducing startup overhead).
    --with-x11 enables only the "x" (X11), --with-wx only the "wx" (wxWidgets) GUI.
    Note that "wx" does not play well together with Fail*'s "restore" feature (FailBochs
    will fall back to "x" if available, or die trying.)
    Once you know everything works as it should, you may want to add the
    following flags before running larger campaigns:
      --disable-logging --disable-assert-checks
    Make sure --enable-repeat-speedups (--enable-all-optimizations implicitly
    enables this) is not enabled; you will otherwise encounter funny effects
    when tracing REP-prefixed instructions.
    FIXME: Remove more redundant flags/libraries


After changes to Bochs code:
------------------------------------------------------------
 - Just re-run "make" in ${BUILD_DIR}, or call "scripts/rebuild-bochs.sh -".
   The latter automatically runs "make install" after rebuilding fail-client
   (and probably the experiment's campaign server).
 - Cleaning up (forcing a complete rebuild of libfailbochs.a next time):
     $ make bochsallclean
   This is especially necessary if you changed a Bochs-affecting aspect header
   (.ah), as the build system does not know about Bochs sources depending on
   certain aspects.


Debug build:
------------------------------------------------------------
Configure Bochs to use debugging-related compiler flags (expects to be in ${BUILD_DIR}):
  $ cd ../simulator/bochs
  $ CFLAGS="-g -O0" CXXFLAGS="-g -O0" ./configure --prefix=... ... (see above)
You might additionally want to configure the rest of Fail* into debug mode by
setting CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE to "Debug" (ccmake, see above).
FIXME: Does this still work?


Profiling-based optimization build:
------------------------------------------------------------
FIXME: ag++ needs to be run with --keep_woven
Configure Bochs to use compiler flags to enable profiling:
  $ cd ../simulator/bochs
  $ CFLAGS="-fprofile-generate" CXXFLAGS="-fprofile-generate" LDFLAGS="-fprofile-generate" ./configure --prefix=... ... (see above)
Build Bochs normally, and run it.  Configure Bochs to use compiler flags to enable
optimizations based on profiling results:
  $ CFLAGS="-fprofile-use -Wcoverage-mismatch" CXXFLAGS="-fprofile-use -Wcoverage-mismatch" LDFLAGS="-fprofile-use" ./configure --prefix=... ... (see above)


Benchmarking:
------------------------------------------------------------
Simple instructions/second measurement:
 - Configure Bochs with --enable-show-ips (see above)
 - Modify the bochsrc: print_timestamps: enabled=1
Comparison IPS numbers are shown in the default "bochsrc". Headless bochsrc configuration,
all aspects disabled, guest system executes endless loop, host CPU Xeon X5470 (3.33GHz):
IPS: 66124283 average = 66964789


Building gem5:
**********************************************************************

For the first time (incl. selecting an experiment):
------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Change to the Fail* directory (expects to be in ${FAIL_DIR}) and
    create a new build directory.
      $ cd ${FAIL_DIR}; mkdir build; cd build
 3. Start the configuration by typing
      $ cmake ..
 4. Modify the generated configuration according to your needs using
      $ ccmake .
    At least, you should set an experiment and turn on the configuration flags
    BUILD_GEM5 and BUILD_ARM. Additionally, all config options specific for
    other back-ends and architectures should be turned OFF, especially
    BUILD_BOCHS and BUILD_X86.
 5. Typing
      $ make   (or  nice make -jN)
    will start the build process of Fail* and gem5. This automatically
    builds the debug variant for ARM targets. (Note that this build will
    automatically include the ${FAIL_DIR}/src/core/sal/gem5 as an
    "EXTRAS" feature, see gem5/scons build system documentation for
    further information. That means, adding another directory containing
    gem5-specific code requires to modify the gem5 build command, see
    ${FAIL_DIR}/cmake/gem5.cmake.) The build process for gem5 currently
    uses 9 cores for a parallel build regardless whether you specify a
    different core count in the -jN option. This and various other stuff
    (e.g. a release build, i.e. using "gem5.fast" instead of "gem5.debug")
    can be changed in the aforementioned gem5.cmake file.

NOTE: gem5 currently does not compile with the newer clang-based daily builds
      of AspectC++ (ac++).  You may need to use the ac++ 1.2 release instead.

After changes to Fail*/gem5 code (incl. aspect headers):
------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Clean the current build by typing 
      $ make gem5-allclean
    (in your build dir ${FAIL_DIR}/build). This cleans the current
    Fail* and gem5 build directories. Note that "make clean" only cleans
    the Fail* build directory. Furthermore, all remaining CMake remnants
    should be deleted:
      $ find -name CMakeCache.txt | xargs rm
 2. Rebuild by typing
      $ make   (or  nice make -jN)
    (as in the last step of the previous section).

=========================================================================================
Database backend setup: MySQL / MariaDB
=========================================================================================
 1. Install MySQL or MariaDB via your favourite package manager.  (MariaDB
    offers repositories for all major distributions.)
 2. Increase network timeouts in /etc/mysql/my.cnf to a reasonably high value,
    campaigns tend to timeout on a regular basis with the default settings:
      net_write_timeout = 3600
      net_read_timeout = 3600
    You may also want to tune other settings, especially increase memory usage.
    There's lots of tuning knowledge on the web, and also automatic tuning
    scripts such as the "Tuning Primer" <https://launchpad.net/mysql-tuning-primer>
    or "MySQL Tuner" <http://mysqltuner.com>.
 3. Setup a non-root DB user.  <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/adding-users.html>
    Create a ~/.my.cnf (mode 0600) to avoid having to pass user name and
    password to every program contacting the DB:
      [client]
      user=XXX
      password=XXX
 4. Create a database for each FI campaign you want to conduct, and grant all
    permissions to your non-root user.
    <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/create-database.html>
    <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/grant.html>
    <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/adding-users.html>

=========================================================================================
Building LLVM from sources
=========================================================================================
If your Linux distribution does not provide a library package for LLVM 3.3 or
newer, and you need LLVM support in Fail*, you may need to build LLVM from the
sources and install it, e.g., locally in your home.

 1. Download the source tarball of LLVM 3.4 from http://llvm.org (or use the git
    repository http://llvm.org/git/llvm.git and checkout release_34)
 2. Configure as needed.  On mixed 32/64-bit systems (userland/kernel),
    prefixing with "linux32" may be necessary:
    $ linux32 ./configure --prefix=$(echo ~/localroot/usr) --enable-optimized --disable-assertions --disable-werror
    If you have an old version of clang installed, you may need to convince the
    configure script to use gcc/g++ instead:
    $ CC=gcc CXX=g++ ./configure --prefix=...
 3. Build with "make REQUIRES_RTTI=1", install.