dm-cache-target.c

	cache->discard_block_size =
		calculate_discard_block_size(cache->sectors_per_block,
					     cache->origin_sectors);
	cache->discard_nr_blocks = oblock_to_dblock(cache, cache->origin_blocks);
	cache->discard_bitset = alloc_bitset(from_dblock(cache->discard_nr_blocks));
	if (!cache->discard_bitset) {
		*error = "could not allocate discard bitset";
		goto bad;
	}
	clear_bitset(cache->discard_bitset, from_dblock(cache->discard_nr_blocks));

	cache->copier = dm_kcopyd_client_create(&dm_kcopyd_throttle);
	if (IS_ERR(cache->copier)) {
		*error = "could not create kcopyd client";
		r = PTR_ERR(cache->copier);
		goto bad;
	}

	cache->wq = alloc_ordered_workqueue("dm-" DM_MSG_PREFIX, WQ_MEM_RECLAIM);
	if (!cache->wq) {
		*error = "could not create workqueue for metadata object";
		goto bad;
	}
	INIT_WORK(&cache->worker, do_worker);
	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&cache->waker, do_waker);
	cache->last_commit_jiffies = jiffies;

	cache->prison = dm_bio_prison_create(PRISON_CELLS);
	if (!cache->prison) {
		*error = "could not create bio prison";
		goto bad;
	}

	cache->all_io_ds = dm_deferred_set_create();
	if (!cache->all_io_ds) {
		*error = "could not create all_io deferred set";
		goto bad;
	}

	cache->migration_pool = mempool_create_slab_pool(MIGRATION_POOL_SIZE,
							 migration_cache);
	if (!cache->migration_pool) {
		*error = "Error creating cache's migration mempool";
		goto bad;
	}

	cache->next_migration = NULL;

	cache->need_tick_bio = true;
	cache->sized = false;
	cache->quiescing = false;
	cache->commit_requested = false;
	cache->loaded_mappings = false;
	cache->loaded_discards = false;

	load_stats(cache);

	atomic_set(&cache->stats.demotion, 0);
	atomic_set(&cache->stats.promotion, 0);
	atomic_set(&cache->stats.copies_avoided, 0);
	atomic_set(&cache->stats.cache_cell_clash, 0);
	atomic_set(&cache->stats.commit_count, 0);
	atomic_set(&cache->stats.discard_count, 0);

	*result = cache;
	return 0;

bad:
	destroy(cache);
	return r;
}

static int copy_ctr_args(struct cache *cache, int argc, const char **argv)
{
	unsigned i;
	const char **copy;

	copy = kcalloc(argc, sizeof(*copy), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!copy)
		return -ENOMEM;
	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
		copy[i] = kstrdup(argv[i], GFP_KERNEL);
		if (!copy[i]) {
			while (i--)
				kfree(copy[i]);
			kfree(copy);
			return -ENOMEM;
		}
	}

	cache->nr_ctr_args = argc;
	cache->ctr_args = copy;

	return 0;
}

static int cache_ctr(struct dm_target *ti, unsigned argc, char **argv)
{
	int r = -EINVAL;
	struct cache_args *ca;
	struct cache *cache = NULL;

	ca = kzalloc(sizeof(*ca), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!ca) {
		ti->error = "Error allocating memory for cache";
		return -ENOMEM;
	}
	ca->ti = ti;

	r = parse_cache_args(ca, argc, argv, &ti->error);
	if (r)
		goto out;

	r = cache_create(ca, &cache);
	if (r)
		goto out;

	r = copy_ctr_args(cache, argc - 3, (const char **)argv + 3);
	if (r) {
		destroy(cache);
		goto out;
	}

	ti->private = cache;

out:
	destroy_cache_args(ca);
	return r;
}

static int cache_map(struct dm_target *ti, struct bio *bio)
{
	struct cache *cache = ti->private;

	int r;
	dm_oblock_t block = get_bio_block(cache, bio);
	size_t pb_data_size = get_per_bio_data_size(cache);
	bool can_migrate = false;
	bool discarded_block;
	struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell;
	struct policy_result lookup_result;
	struct per_bio_data *pb;

	if (from_oblock(block) > from_oblock(cache->origin_blocks)) {
		/*
		 * This can only occur if the io goes to a partial block at
		 * the end of the origin device.  We don't cache these.
		 * Just remap to the origin and carry on.
		 */
		remap_to_origin_clear_discard(cache, bio, block);
		return DM_MAPIO_REMAPPED;
	}

	pb = init_per_bio_data(bio, pb_data_size);

	if (bio->bi_rw & (REQ_FLUSH | REQ_FUA | REQ_DISCARD)) {
		defer_bio(cache, bio);
		return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
	}

	/*
	 * Check to see if that block is currently migrating.
	 */
	cell = alloc_prison_cell(cache);
	if (!cell) {
		defer_bio(cache, bio);
		return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
	}

	r = bio_detain(cache, block, bio, cell,
		       (cell_free_fn) free_prison_cell,
		       cache, &cell);
	if (r) {
		if (r < 0)
			defer_bio(cache, bio);

		return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
	}

	discarded_block = is_discarded_oblock(cache, block);

	r = policy_map(cache->policy, block, false, can_migrate, discarded_block,
		       bio, &lookup_result);
	if (r == -EWOULDBLOCK) {
		cell_defer(cache, cell, true);
		return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;

	} else if (r) {
		DMERR_LIMIT("Unexpected return from cache replacement policy: %d", r);
		bio_io_error(bio);
		return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
	}

	switch (lookup_result.op) {
	case POLICY_HIT:
		inc_hit_counter(cache, bio);
		pb->all_io_entry = dm_deferred_entry_inc(cache->all_io_ds);

		if (is_writethrough_io(cache, bio, lookup_result.cblock))
			remap_to_origin_then_cache(cache, bio, block, lookup_result.cblock);
		else
			remap_to_cache_dirty(cache, bio, block, lookup_result.cblock);

		cell_defer(cache, cell, false);
		break;

	case POLICY_MISS:
		inc_miss_counter(cache, bio);
		pb->all_io_entry = dm_deferred_entry_inc(cache->all_io_ds);

		if (pb->req_nr != 0) {
			/*
			 * This is a duplicate writethrough io that is no
			 * longer needed because the block has been demoted.
			 */
			bio_endio(bio, 0);
			cell_defer(cache, cell, false);
			return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
		} else {
			remap_to_origin_clear_discard(cache, bio, block);
			cell_defer(cache, cell, false);
		}
		break;

	default:
		DMERR_LIMIT("%s: erroring bio: unknown policy op: %u", __func__,
			    (unsigned) lookup_result.op);
		bio_io_error(bio);
		return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
	}

	return DM_MAPIO_REMAPPED;
}

static int cache_end_io(struct dm_target *ti, struct bio *bio, int error)
{
	struct cache *cache = ti->private;
	unsigned long flags;
	size_t pb_data_size = get_per_bio_data_size(cache);
	struct per_bio_data *pb = get_per_bio_data(bio, pb_data_size);

	if (pb->tick) {
		policy_tick(cache->policy);

		spin_lock_irqsave(&cache->lock, flags);
		cache->need_tick_bio = true;
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cache->lock, flags);
	}

	check_for_quiesced_migrations(cache, pb);

	return 0;
}

static int write_dirty_bitset(struct cache *cache)
{
	unsigned i, r;

	for (i = 0; i < from_cblock(cache->cache_size); i++) {
		r = dm_cache_set_dirty(cache->cmd, to_cblock(i),
				       is_dirty(cache, to_cblock(i)));
		if (r)
			return r;
	}

	return 0;
}

static int write_discard_bitset(struct cache *cache)
{
	unsigned i, r;

	r = dm_cache_discard_bitset_resize(cache->cmd, cache->discard_block_size,
					   cache->discard_nr_blocks);
	if (r) {
		DMERR("could not resize on-disk discard bitset");
		return r;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < from_dblock(cache->discard_nr_blocks); i++) {
		r = dm_cache_set_discard(cache->cmd, to_dblock(i),
					 is_discarded(cache, to_dblock(i)));
		if (r)
			return r;
	}

	return 0;
}

static int save_hint(void *context, dm_cblock_t cblock, dm_oblock_t oblock,
		     uint32_t hint)
{
	struct cache *cache = context;
	return dm_cache_save_hint(cache->cmd, cblock, hint);
}

static int write_hints(struct cache *cache)
{
	int r;

	r = dm_cache_begin_hints(cache->cmd, cache->policy);
	if (r) {
		DMERR("dm_cache_begin_hints failed");
		return r;
	}

	r = policy_walk_mappings(cache->policy, save_hint, cache);
	if (r)
		DMERR("policy_walk_mappings failed");

	return r;
}

/*
 * returns true on success
 */
static bool sync_metadata(struct cache *cache)
{
	int r1, r2, r3, r4;

	r1 = write_dirty_bitset(cache);
	if (r1)
		DMERR("could not write dirty bitset");

	r2 = write_discard_bitset(cache);
	if (r2)
		DMERR("could not write discard bitset");

	save_stats(cache);

	r3 = write_hints(cache);
	if (r3)
		DMERR("could not write hints");

	/*
	 * If writing the above metadata failed, we still commit, but don't
	 * set the clean shutdown flag.  This will effectively force every
	 * dirty bit to be set on reload.
	 */
	r4 = dm_cache_commit(cache->cmd, !r1 && !r2 && !r3);
	if (r4)
		DMERR("could not write cache metadata.  Data loss may occur.");

	return !r1 && !r2 && !r3 && !r4;
}

static void cache_postsuspend(struct dm_target *ti)
{
	struct cache *cache = ti->private;

	start_quiescing(cache);
	wait_for_migrations(cache);
	stop_worker(cache);
	requeue_deferred_io(cache);
	stop_quiescing(cache);

	(void) sync_metadata(cache);
}

static int load_mapping(void *context, dm_oblock_t oblock, dm_cblock_t cblock,
			bool dirty, uint32_t hint, bool hint_valid)
{
	int r;
	struct cache *cache = context;

	r = policy_load_mapping(cache->policy, oblock, cblock, hint, hint_valid);
	if (r)
		return r;

	if (dirty)
		set_dirty(cache, oblock, cblock);
	else
		clear_dirty(cache, oblock, cblock);

	return 0;
}

static int load_discard(void *context, sector_t discard_block_size,
			dm_dblock_t dblock, bool discard)
{
	struct cache *cache = context;

	/* FIXME: handle mis-matched block size */

	if (discard)
		set_discard(cache, dblock);
	else
		clear_discard(cache, dblock);

	return 0;
}

static int cache_preresume(struct dm_target *ti)
{
	int r = 0;
	struct cache *cache = ti->private;
	sector_t actual_cache_size = get_dev_size(cache->cache_dev);
	(void) sector_div(actual_cache_size, cache->sectors_per_block);

	/*
	 * Check to see if the cache has resized.
	 */
	if (from_cblock(cache->cache_size) != actual_cache_size || !cache->sized) {
		cache->cache_size = to_cblock(actual_cache_size);

		r = dm_cache_resize(cache->cmd, cache->cache_size);
		if (r) {
			DMERR("could not resize cache metadata");
			return r;
		}

		cache->sized = true;
	}

	if (!cache->loaded_mappings) {
		r = dm_cache_load_mappings(cache->cmd, cache->policy,
					   load_mapping, cache);
		if (r) {
			DMERR("could not load cache mappings");
			return r;
		}

		cache->loaded_mappings = true;
	}

	if (!cache->loaded_discards) {
		r = dm_cache_load_discards(cache->cmd, load_discard, cache);
		if (r) {
			DMERR("could not load origin discards");
			return r;
		}

		cache->loaded_discards = true;
	}

	return r;
}

static void cache_resume(struct dm_target *ti)
{
	struct cache *cache = ti->private;

	cache->need_tick_bio = true;
	do_waker(&cache->waker.work);
}

/*
 * Status format:
 *
 * <#used metadata blocks>/<#total metadata blocks>
 * <#read hits> <#read misses> <#write hits> <#write misses>
 * <#demotions> <#promotions> <#blocks in cache> <#dirty>
 * <#features> <features>*
 * <#core args> <core args>
 * <#policy args> <policy args>*
 */
static void cache_status(struct dm_target *ti, status_type_t type,
			 unsigned status_flags, char *result, unsigned maxlen)
{
	int r = 0;
	unsigned i;
	ssize_t sz = 0;
	dm_block_t nr_free_blocks_metadata = 0;
	dm_block_t nr_blocks_metadata = 0;
	char buf[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
	struct cache *cache = ti->private;
	dm_cblock_t residency;

	switch (type) {
	case STATUSTYPE_INFO:
		/* Commit to ensure statistics aren't out-of-date */
		if (!(status_flags & DM_STATUS_NOFLUSH_FLAG) && !dm_suspended(ti)) {
			r = dm_cache_commit(cache->cmd, false);
			if (r)
				DMERR("could not commit metadata for accurate status");
		}

		r = dm_cache_get_free_metadata_block_count(cache->cmd,
							   &nr_free_blocks_metadata);
		if (r) {
			DMERR("could not get metadata free block count");
			goto err;
		}

		r = dm_cache_get_metadata_dev_size(cache->cmd, &nr_blocks_metadata);
		if (r) {
			DMERR("could not get metadata device size");
			goto err;
		}

		residency = policy_residency(cache->policy);

		DMEMIT("%llu/%llu %u %u %u %u %u %u %llu %u ",
		       (unsigned long long)(nr_blocks_metadata - nr_free_blocks_metadata),
		       (unsigned long long)nr_blocks_metadata,
		       (unsigned) atomic_read(&cache->stats.read_hit),
		       (unsigned) atomic_read(&cache->stats.read_miss),
		       (unsigned) atomic_read(&cache->stats.write_hit),
		       (unsigned) atomic_read(&cache->stats.write_miss),
		       (unsigned) atomic_read(&cache->stats.demotion),
		       (unsigned) atomic_read(&cache->stats.promotion),
		       (unsigned long long) from_cblock(residency),
		       cache->nr_dirty);

		if (cache->features.write_through)
			DMEMIT("1 writethrough ");
		else
			DMEMIT("0 ");

		DMEMIT("2 migration_threshold %llu ", (unsigned long long) cache->migration_threshold);
		if (sz < maxlen) {
			r = policy_emit_config_values(cache->policy, result + sz, maxlen - sz);
			if (r)
				DMERR("policy_emit_config_values returned %d", r);
		}

		break;

	case STATUSTYPE_TABLE:
		format_dev_t(buf, cache->metadata_dev->bdev->bd_dev);
		DMEMIT("%s ", buf);
		format_dev_t(buf, cache->cache_dev->bdev->bd_dev);
		DMEMIT("%s ", buf);
		format_dev_t(buf, cache->origin_dev->bdev->bd_dev);
		DMEMIT("%s", buf);

		for (i = 0; i < cache->nr_ctr_args - 1; i++)
			DMEMIT(" %s", cache->ctr_args[i]);
		if (cache->nr_ctr_args)
			DMEMIT(" %s", cache->ctr_args[cache->nr_ctr_args - 1]);
	}

	return;

err:
	DMEMIT("Error");
}

/*
 * Supports <key> <value>.
 *
 * The key migration_threshold is supported by the cache target core.
 */
static int cache_message(struct dm_target *ti, unsigned argc, char **argv)
{
	int r;
	struct cache *cache = ti->private;

	if (argc != 2)
		return -EINVAL;

	r = process_config_option(cache, argv);
	if (r == NOT_CORE_OPTION)
		return policy_set_config_value(cache->policy, argv[0], argv[1]);

	return r;
}

static int cache_iterate_devices(struct dm_target *ti,
				 iterate_devices_callout_fn fn, void *data)
{
	int r = 0;
	struct cache *cache = ti->private;

	r = fn(ti, cache->cache_dev, 0, get_dev_size(cache->cache_dev), data);
	if (!r)
		r = fn(ti, cache->origin_dev, 0, ti->len, data);

	return r;
}

/*
 * We assume I/O is going to the origin (which is the volume
 * more likely to have restrictions e.g. by being striped).
 * (Looking up the exact location of the data would be expensive
 * and could always be out of date by the time the bio is submitted.)
 */
static int cache_bvec_merge(struct dm_target *ti,
			    struct bvec_merge_data *bvm,
			    struct bio_vec *biovec, int max_size)
{
	struct cache *cache = ti->private;
	struct request_queue *q = bdev_get_queue(cache->origin_dev->bdev);

	if (!q->merge_bvec_fn)
		return max_size;

	bvm->bi_bdev = cache->origin_dev->bdev;
	return min(max_size, q->merge_bvec_fn(q, bvm, biovec));
}

static void set_discard_limits(struct cache *cache, struct queue_limits *limits)
{
	/*
	 * FIXME: these limits may be incompatible with the cache device
	 */
	limits->max_discard_sectors = cache->discard_block_size * 1024;
	limits->discard_granularity = cache->discard_block_size << SECTOR_SHIFT;
}

static void cache_io_hints(struct dm_target *ti, struct queue_limits *limits)
{
	struct cache *cache = ti->private;

	blk_limits_io_min(limits, 0);
	blk_limits_io_opt(limits, cache->sectors_per_block << SECTOR_SHIFT);
	set_discard_limits(cache, limits);
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/

static struct target_type cache_target = {
	.name = "cache",
	.version = {1, 1, 0},
	.module = THIS_MODULE,
	.ctr = cache_ctr,
	.dtr = cache_dtr,
	.map = cache_map,
	.end_io = cache_end_io,
	.postsuspend = cache_postsuspend,
	.preresume = cache_preresume,
	.resume = cache_resume,
	.status = cache_status,
	.message = cache_message,
	.iterate_devices = cache_iterate_devices,
	.merge = cache_bvec_merge,
	.io_hints = cache_io_hints,
};

static int __init dm_cache_init(void)
{
	int r;

	r = dm_register_target(&cache_target);
	if (r) {
		DMERR("cache target registration failed: %d", r);
		return r;
	}

	migration_cache = KMEM_CACHE(dm_cache_migration, 0);
	if (!migration_cache) {
		dm_unregister_target(&cache_target);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	return 0;
}

static void __exit dm_cache_exit(void)
{
	dm_unregister_target(&cache_target);
	kmem_cache_destroy(migration_cache);
}

module_init(dm_cache_init);
module_exit(dm_cache_exit);

MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DM_NAME " cache target");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Joe Thornber <ejt@redhat.com>");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");