dev.c

/*
 * 	NET3	Protocol independent device support routines.
 *
 *		This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 *		modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 *		as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
 *		2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *	Derived from the non IP parts of dev.c 1.0.19
 * 		Authors:	Ross Biro
 *				Fred N. van Kempen, <waltje@uWalt.NL.Mugnet.ORG>
 *				Mark Evans, <evansmp@uhura.aston.ac.uk>
 *
 *	Additional Authors:
 *		Florian la Roche <rzsfl@rz.uni-sb.de>
 *		Alan Cox <gw4pts@gw4pts.ampr.org>
 *		David Hinds <dahinds@users.sourceforge.net>
 *		Alexey Kuznetsov <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru>
 *		Adam Sulmicki <adam@cfar.umd.edu>
 *              Pekka Riikonen <priikone@poesidon.pspt.fi>
 *
 *	Changes:
 *              D.J. Barrow     :       Fixed bug where dev->refcnt gets set
 *              			to 2 if register_netdev gets called
 *              			before net_dev_init & also removed a
 *              			few lines of code in the process.
 *		Alan Cox	:	device private ioctl copies fields back.
 *		Alan Cox	:	Transmit queue code does relevant
 *					stunts to keep the queue safe.
 *		Alan Cox	:	Fixed double lock.
 *		Alan Cox	:	Fixed promisc NULL pointer trap
 *		????????	:	Support the full private ioctl range
 *		Alan Cox	:	Moved ioctl permission check into
 *					drivers
 *		Tim Kordas	:	SIOCADDMULTI/SIOCDELMULTI
 *		Alan Cox	:	100 backlog just doesn't cut it when
 *					you start doing multicast video 8)
 *		Alan Cox	:	Rewrote net_bh and list manager.
 *		Alan Cox	: 	Fix ETH_P_ALL echoback lengths.
 *		Alan Cox	:	Took out transmit every packet pass
 *					Saved a few bytes in the ioctl handler
 *		Alan Cox	:	Network driver sets packet type before
 *					calling netif_rx. Saves a function
 *					call a packet.
 *		Alan Cox	:	Hashed net_bh()
 *		Richard Kooijman:	Timestamp fixes.
 *		Alan Cox	:	Wrong field in SIOCGIFDSTADDR
 *		Alan Cox	:	Device lock protection.
 *		Alan Cox	: 	Fixed nasty side effect of device close
 *					changes.
 *		Rudi Cilibrasi	:	Pass the right thing to
 *					set_mac_address()
 *		Dave Miller	:	32bit quantity for the device lock to
 *					make it work out on a Sparc.
 *		Bjorn Ekwall	:	Added KERNELD hack.
 *		Alan Cox	:	Cleaned up the backlog initialise.
 *		Craig Metz	:	SIOCGIFCONF fix if space for under
 *					1 device.
 *	    Thomas Bogendoerfer :	Return ENODEV for dev_open, if there
 *					is no device open function.
 *		Andi Kleen	:	Fix error reporting for SIOCGIFCONF
 *	    Michael Chastain	:	Fix signed/unsigned for SIOCGIFCONF
 *		Cyrus Durgin	:	Cleaned for KMOD
 *		Adam Sulmicki   :	Bug Fix : Network Device Unload
 *					A network device unload needs to purge
 *					the backlog queue.
 *	Paul Rusty Russell	:	SIOCSIFNAME
 *              Pekka Riikonen  :	Netdev boot-time settings code
 *              Andrew Morton   :       Make unregister_netdevice wait
 *              			indefinitely on dev->refcnt
 * 		J Hadi Salim	:	- Backlog queue sampling
 *				        - netif_rx() feedback
 */

#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/capability.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/hash.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/socket.h>
#include <linux/sockios.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/if_ether.h>
#include <linux/netdevice.h>
#include <linux/etherdevice.h>
#include <linux/ethtool.h>
#include <linux/notifier.h>
#include <linux/skbuff.h>
#include <net/net_namespace.h>
#include <net/sock.h>
#include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
#include <linux/stat.h>
#include <net/dst.h>
#include <net/pkt_sched.h>
#include <net/checksum.h>
#include <net/xfrm.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/netpoll.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <net/iw_handler.h>
#include <asm/current.h>
#include <linux/audit.h>
#include <linux/dmaengine.h>
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/if_arp.h>
#include <linux/if_vlan.h>
#include <linux/ip.h>
#include <net/ip.h>
#include <linux/ipv6.h>
#include <linux/in.h>
#include <linux/jhash.h>
#include <linux/random.h>
#include <trace/events/napi.h>
#include <trace/events/net.h>
#include <trace/events/skb.h>
#include <linux/pci.h>
#include <linux/inetdevice.h>
#include <linux/cpu_rmap.h>
#include <linux/static_key.h>

#include "net-sysfs.h"

/* Instead of increasing this, you should create a hash table. */
#define MAX_GRO_SKBS 8

/* This should be increased if a protocol with a bigger head is added. */
#define GRO_MAX_HEAD (MAX_HEADER + 128)

static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(ptype_lock);
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(offload_lock);
struct list_head ptype_base[PTYPE_HASH_SIZE] __read_mostly;
struct list_head ptype_all __read_mostly;	/* Taps */
static struct list_head offload_base __read_mostly;

/*
 * The @dev_base_head list is protected by @dev_base_lock and the rtnl
 * semaphore.
 *
 * Pure readers hold dev_base_lock for reading, or rcu_read_lock()
 *
 * Writers must hold the rtnl semaphore while they loop through the
 * dev_base_head list, and hold dev_base_lock for writing when they do the
 * actual updates.  This allows pure readers to access the list even
 * while a writer is preparing to update it.
 *
 * To put it another way, dev_base_lock is held for writing only to
 * protect against pure readers; the rtnl semaphore provides the
 * protection against other writers.
 *
 * See, for example usages, register_netdevice() and
 * unregister_netdevice(), which must be called with the rtnl
 * semaphore held.
 */
DEFINE_RWLOCK(dev_base_lock);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_base_lock);

seqcount_t devnet_rename_seq;

static inline void dev_base_seq_inc(struct net *net)
{
	while (++net->dev_base_seq == 0);
}

static inline struct hlist_head *dev_name_hash(struct net *net, const char *name)
{
	unsigned int hash = full_name_hash(name, strnlen(name, IFNAMSIZ));

	return &net->dev_name_head[hash_32(hash, NETDEV_HASHBITS)];
}

static inline struct hlist_head *dev_index_hash(struct net *net, int ifindex)
{
	return &net->dev_index_head[ifindex & (NETDEV_HASHENTRIES - 1)];
}

static inline void rps_lock(struct softnet_data *sd)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_RPS
	spin_lock(&sd->input_pkt_queue.lock);
#endif
}

static inline void rps_unlock(struct softnet_data *sd)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_RPS
	spin_unlock(&sd->input_pkt_queue.lock);
#endif
}

/* Device list insertion */
static void list_netdevice(struct net_device *dev)
{
	struct net *net = dev_net(dev);

	ASSERT_RTNL();

	write_lock_bh(&dev_base_lock);
	list_add_tail_rcu(&dev->dev_list, &net->dev_base_head);
	hlist_add_head_rcu(&dev->name_hlist, dev_name_hash(net, dev->name));
	hlist_add_head_rcu(&dev->index_hlist,
			   dev_index_hash(net, dev->ifindex));
	write_unlock_bh(&dev_base_lock);

	dev_base_seq_inc(net);
}

/* Device list removal
 * caller must respect a RCU grace period before freeing/reusing dev
 */
static void unlist_netdevice(struct net_device *dev)
{
	ASSERT_RTNL();

	/* Unlink dev from the device chain */
	write_lock_bh(&dev_base_lock);
	list_del_rcu(&dev->dev_list);
	hlist_del_rcu(&dev->name_hlist);
	hlist_del_rcu(&dev->index_hlist);
	write_unlock_bh(&dev_base_lock);

	dev_base_seq_inc(dev_net(dev));
}

/*
 *	Our notifier list
 */

static RAW_NOTIFIER_HEAD(netdev_chain);

/*
 *	Device drivers call our routines to queue packets here. We empty the
 *	queue in the local softnet handler.
 */

DEFINE_PER_CPU_ALIGNED(struct softnet_data, softnet_data);
EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL(softnet_data);

#ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
/*
 * register_netdevice() inits txq->_xmit_lock and sets lockdep class
 * according to dev->type
 */
static const unsigned short netdev_lock_type[] =
	{ARPHRD_NETROM, ARPHRD_ETHER, ARPHRD_EETHER, ARPHRD_AX25,
	 ARPHRD_PRONET, ARPHRD_CHAOS, ARPHRD_IEEE802, ARPHRD_ARCNET,
	 ARPHRD_APPLETLK, ARPHRD_DLCI, ARPHRD_ATM, ARPHRD_METRICOM,
	 ARPHRD_IEEE1394, ARPHRD_EUI64, ARPHRD_INFINIBAND, ARPHRD_SLIP,
	 ARPHRD_CSLIP, ARPHRD_SLIP6, ARPHRD_CSLIP6, ARPHRD_RSRVD,
	 ARPHRD_ADAPT, ARPHRD_ROSE, ARPHRD_X25, ARPHRD_HWX25,
	 ARPHRD_PPP, ARPHRD_CISCO, ARPHRD_LAPB, ARPHRD_DDCMP,
	 ARPHRD_RAWHDLC, ARPHRD_TUNNEL, ARPHRD_TUNNEL6, ARPHRD_FRAD,
	 ARPHRD_SKIP, ARPHRD_LOOPBACK, ARPHRD_LOCALTLK, ARPHRD_FDDI,
	 ARPHRD_BIF, ARPHRD_SIT, ARPHRD_IPDDP, ARPHRD_IPGRE,
	 ARPHRD_PIMREG, ARPHRD_HIPPI, ARPHRD_ASH, ARPHRD_ECONET,
	 ARPHRD_IRDA, ARPHRD_FCPP, ARPHRD_FCAL, ARPHRD_FCPL,
	 ARPHRD_FCFABRIC, ARPHRD_IEEE80211, ARPHRD_IEEE80211_PRISM,
	 ARPHRD_IEEE80211_RADIOTAP, ARPHRD_PHONET, ARPHRD_PHONET_PIPE,
	 ARPHRD_IEEE802154, ARPHRD_VOID, ARPHRD_NONE};

static const char *const netdev_lock_name[] =
	{"_xmit_NETROM", "_xmit_ETHER", "_xmit_EETHER", "_xmit_AX25",
	 "_xmit_PRONET", "_xmit_CHAOS", "_xmit_IEEE802", "_xmit_ARCNET",
	 "_xmit_APPLETLK", "_xmit_DLCI", "_xmit_ATM", "_xmit_METRICOM",
	 "_xmit_IEEE1394", "_xmit_EUI64", "_xmit_INFINIBAND", "_xmit_SLIP",
	 "_xmit_CSLIP", "_xmit_SLIP6", "_xmit_CSLIP6", "_xmit_RSRVD",
	 "_xmit_ADAPT", "_xmit_ROSE", "_xmit_X25", "_xmit_HWX25",
	 "_xmit_PPP", "_xmit_CISCO", "_xmit_LAPB", "_xmit_DDCMP",
	 "_xmit_RAWHDLC", "_xmit_TUNNEL", "_xmit_TUNNEL6", "_xmit_FRAD",
	 "_xmit_SKIP", "_xmit_LOOPBACK", "_xmit_LOCALTLK", "_xmit_FDDI",
	 "_xmit_BIF", "_xmit_SIT", "_xmit_IPDDP", "_xmit_IPGRE",
	 "_xmit_PIMREG", "_xmit_HIPPI", "_xmit_ASH", "_xmit_ECONET",
	 "_xmit_IRDA", "_xmit_FCPP", "_xmit_FCAL", "_xmit_FCPL",
	 "_xmit_FCFABRIC", "_xmit_IEEE80211", "_xmit_IEEE80211_PRISM",
	 "_xmit_IEEE80211_RADIOTAP", "_xmit_PHONET", "_xmit_PHONET_PIPE",
	 "_xmit_IEEE802154", "_xmit_VOID", "_xmit_NONE"};

static struct lock_class_key netdev_xmit_lock_key[ARRAY_SIZE(netdev_lock_type)];
static struct lock_class_key netdev_addr_lock_key[ARRAY_SIZE(netdev_lock_type)];

static inline unsigned short netdev_lock_pos(unsigned short dev_type)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(netdev_lock_type); i++)
		if (netdev_lock_type[i] == dev_type)
			return i;
	/* the last key is used by default */
	return ARRAY_SIZE(netdev_lock_type) - 1;
}

static inline void netdev_set_xmit_lockdep_class(spinlock_t *lock,
						 unsigned short dev_type)
{
	int i;

	i = netdev_lock_pos(dev_type);
	lockdep_set_class_and_name(lock, &netdev_xmit_lock_key[i],
				   netdev_lock_name[i]);
}

static inline void netdev_set_addr_lockdep_class(struct net_device *dev)
{
	int i;

	i = netdev_lock_pos(dev->type);
	lockdep_set_class_and_name(&dev->addr_list_lock,
				   &netdev_addr_lock_key[i],
				   netdev_lock_name[i]);
}
#else
static inline void netdev_set_xmit_lockdep_class(spinlock_t *lock,
						 unsigned short dev_type)
{
}
static inline void netdev_set_addr_lockdep_class(struct net_device *dev)
{
}
#endif

/*******************************************************************************

		Protocol management and registration routines

*******************************************************************************/

/*
 *	Add a protocol ID to the list. Now that the input handler is
 *	smarter we can dispense with all the messy stuff that used to be
 *	here.
 *
 *	BEWARE!!! Protocol handlers, mangling input packets,
 *	MUST BE last in hash buckets and checking protocol handlers
 *	MUST start from promiscuous ptype_all chain in net_bh.
 *	It is true now, do not change it.
 *	Explanation follows: if protocol handler, mangling packet, will
 *	be the first on list, it is not able to sense, that packet
 *	is cloned and should be copied-on-write, so that it will
 *	change it and subsequent readers will get broken packet.
 *							--ANK (980803)
 */

static inline struct list_head *ptype_head(const struct packet_type *pt)
{
	if (pt->type == htons(ETH_P_ALL))
		return &ptype_all;
	else
		return &ptype_base[ntohs(pt->type) & PTYPE_HASH_MASK];
}

/**
 *	dev_add_pack - add packet handler
 *	@pt: packet type declaration
 *
 *	Add a protocol handler to the networking stack. The passed &packet_type
 *	is linked into kernel lists and may not be freed until it has been
 *	removed from the kernel lists.
 *
 *	This call does not sleep therefore it can not
 *	guarantee all CPU's that are in middle of receiving packets
 *	will see the new packet type (until the next received packet).
 */

void dev_add_pack(struct packet_type *pt)
{
	struct list_head *head = ptype_head(pt);

	spin_lock(&ptype_lock);
	list_add_rcu(&pt->list, head);
	spin_unlock(&ptype_lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_add_pack);

/**
 *	__dev_remove_pack	 - remove packet handler
 *	@pt: packet type declaration
 *
 *	Remove a protocol handler that was previously added to the kernel
 *	protocol handlers by dev_add_pack(). The passed &packet_type is removed
 *	from the kernel lists and can be freed or reused once this function
 *	returns.
 *
 *      The packet type might still be in use by receivers
 *	and must not be freed until after all the CPU's have gone
 *	through a quiescent state.
 */
void __dev_remove_pack(struct packet_type *pt)
{
	struct list_head *head = ptype_head(pt);
	struct packet_type *pt1;

	spin_lock(&ptype_lock);

	list_for_each_entry(pt1, head, list) {
		if (pt == pt1) {
			list_del_rcu(&pt->list);
			goto out;
		}
	}

	pr_warn("dev_remove_pack: %p not found\n", pt);
out:
	spin_unlock(&ptype_lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__dev_remove_pack);

/**
 *	dev_remove_pack	 - remove packet handler
 *	@pt: packet type declaration
 *
 *	Remove a protocol handler that was previously added to the kernel
 *	protocol handlers by dev_add_pack(). The passed &packet_type is removed
 *	from the kernel lists and can be freed or reused once this function
 *	returns.
 *
 *	This call sleeps to guarantee that no CPU is looking at the packet
 *	type after return.
 */
void dev_remove_pack(struct packet_type *pt)
{
	__dev_remove_pack(pt);

	synchronize_net();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_remove_pack);


/**
 *	dev_add_offload - register offload handlers
 *	@po: protocol offload declaration
 *
 *	Add protocol offload handlers to the networking stack. The passed
 *	&proto_offload is linked into kernel lists and may not be freed until
 *	it has been removed from the kernel lists.
 *
 *	This call does not sleep therefore it can not
 *	guarantee all CPU's that are in middle of receiving packets
 *	will see the new offload handlers (until the next received packet).
 */
void dev_add_offload(struct packet_offload *po)
{
	struct list_head *head = &offload_base;

	spin_lock(&offload_lock);
	list_add_rcu(&po->list, head);
	spin_unlock(&offload_lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_add_offload);

/**
 *	__dev_remove_offload	 - remove offload handler
 *	@po: packet offload declaration
 *
 *	Remove a protocol offload handler that was previously added to the
 *	kernel offload handlers by dev_add_offload(). The passed &offload_type
 *	is removed from the kernel lists and can be freed or reused once this
 *	function returns.
 *
 *      The packet type might still be in use by receivers
 *	and must not be freed until after all the CPU's have gone
 *	through a quiescent state.
 */
void __dev_remove_offload(struct packet_offload *po)
{
	struct list_head *head = &offload_base;
	struct packet_offload *po1;

	spin_lock(&offload_lock);

	list_for_each_entry(po1, head, list) {
		if (po == po1) {
			list_del_rcu(&po->list);
			goto out;
		}
	}

	pr_warn("dev_remove_offload: %p not found\n", po);
out:
	spin_unlock(&offload_lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__dev_remove_offload);

/**
 *	dev_remove_offload	 - remove packet offload handler
 *	@po: packet offload declaration
 *
 *	Remove a packet offload handler that was previously added to the kernel
 *	offload handlers by dev_add_offload(). The passed &offload_type is
 *	removed from the kernel lists and can be freed or reused once this
 *	function returns.
 *
 *	This call sleeps to guarantee that no CPU is looking at the packet
 *	type after return.
 */
void dev_remove_offload(struct packet_offload *po)
{
	__dev_remove_offload(po);

	synchronize_net();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_remove_offload);

/******************************************************************************

		      Device Boot-time Settings Routines

*******************************************************************************/

/* Boot time configuration table */
static struct netdev_boot_setup dev_boot_setup[NETDEV_BOOT_SETUP_MAX];

/**
 *	netdev_boot_setup_add	- add new setup entry
 *	@name: name of the device
 *	@map: configured settings for the device
 *
 *	Adds new setup entry to the dev_boot_setup list.  The function
 *	returns 0 on error and 1 on success.  This is a generic routine to
 *	all netdevices.
 */
static int netdev_boot_setup_add(char *name, struct ifmap *map)
{
	struct netdev_boot_setup *s;
	int i;

	s = dev_boot_setup;
	for (i = 0; i < NETDEV_BOOT_SETUP_MAX; i++) {
		if (s[i].name[0] == '\0' || s[i].name[0] == ' ') {
			memset(s[i].name, 0, sizeof(s[i].name));
			strlcpy(s[i].name, name, IFNAMSIZ);
			memcpy(&s[i].map, map, sizeof(s[i].map));
			break;
		}
	}

	return i >= NETDEV_BOOT_SETUP_MAX ? 0 : 1;
}

/**
 *	netdev_boot_setup_check	- check boot time settings
 *	@dev: the netdevice
 *
 * 	Check boot time settings for the device.
 *	The found settings are set for the device to be used
 *	later in the device probing.
 *	Returns 0 if no settings found, 1 if they are.
 */
int netdev_boot_setup_check(struct net_device *dev)
{
	struct netdev_boot_setup *s = dev_boot_setup;
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < NETDEV_BOOT_SETUP_MAX; i++) {
		if (s[i].name[0] != '\0' && s[i].name[0] != ' ' &&
		    !strcmp(dev->name, s[i].name)) {
			dev->irq 	= s[i].map.irq;
			dev->base_addr 	= s[i].map.base_addr;
			dev->mem_start 	= s[i].map.mem_start;
			dev->mem_end 	= s[i].map.mem_end;
			return 1;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(netdev_boot_setup_check);


/**
 *	netdev_boot_base	- get address from boot time settings
 *	@prefix: prefix for network device
 *	@unit: id for network device
 *
 * 	Check boot time settings for the base address of device.
 *	The found settings are set for the device to be used
 *	later in the device probing.
 *	Returns 0 if no settings found.
 */
unsigned long netdev_boot_base(const char *prefix, int unit)
{
	const struct netdev_boot_setup *s = dev_boot_setup;
	char name[IFNAMSIZ];
	int i;

	sprintf(name, "%s%d", prefix, unit);

	/*
	 * If device already registered then return base of 1
	 * to indicate not to probe for this interface
	 */
	if (__dev_get_by_name(&init_net, name))
		return 1;

	for (i = 0; i < NETDEV_BOOT_SETUP_MAX; i++)
		if (!strcmp(name, s[i].name))
			return s[i].map.base_addr;
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Saves at boot time configured settings for any netdevice.
 */
int __init netdev_boot_setup(char *str)
{
	int ints[5];
	struct ifmap map;

	str = get_options(str, ARRAY_SIZE(ints), ints);
	if (!str || !*str)
		return 0;

	/* Save settings */
	memset(&map, 0, sizeof(map));
	if (ints[0] > 0)
		map.irq = ints[1];
	if (ints[0] > 1)
		map.base_addr = ints[2];
	if (ints[0] > 2)
		map.mem_start = ints[3];
	if (ints[0] > 3)
		map.mem_end = ints[4];

	/* Add new entry to the list */
	return netdev_boot_setup_add(str, &map);
}

__setup("netdev=", netdev_boot_setup);

/*******************************************************************************

			    Device Interface Subroutines

*******************************************************************************/

/**
 *	__dev_get_by_name	- find a device by its name
 *	@net: the applicable net namespace
 *	@name: name to find
 *
 *	Find an interface by name. Must be called under RTNL semaphore
 *	or @dev_base_lock. If the name is found a pointer to the device
 *	is returned. If the name is not found then %NULL is returned. The
 *	reference counters are not incremented so the caller must be
 *	careful with locks.
 */

struct net_device *__dev_get_by_name(struct net *net, const char *name)
{
	struct net_device *dev;
	struct hlist_head *head = dev_name_hash(net, name);

	hlist_for_each_entry(dev, head, name_hlist)
		if (!strncmp(dev->name, name, IFNAMSIZ))
			return dev;

	return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__dev_get_by_name);

/**
 *	dev_get_by_name_rcu	- find a device by its name
 *	@net: the applicable net namespace
 *	@name: name to find
 *
 *	Find an interface by name.
 *	If the name is found a pointer to the device is returned.
 * 	If the name is not found then %NULL is returned.
 *	The reference counters are not incremented so the caller must be
 *	careful with locks. The caller must hold RCU lock.
 */

struct net_device *dev_get_by_name_rcu(struct net *net, const char *name)
{
	struct net_device *dev;
	struct hlist_head *head = dev_name_hash(net, name);

	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(dev, head, name_hlist)
		if (!strncmp(dev->name, name, IFNAMSIZ))
			return dev;

	return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_get_by_name_rcu);

/**
 *	dev_get_by_name		- find a device by its name
 *	@net: the applicable net namespace
 *	@name: name to find
 *
 *	Find an interface by name. This can be called from any
 *	context and does its own locking. The returned handle has
 *	the usage count incremented and the caller must use dev_put() to
 *	release it when it is no longer needed. %NULL is returned if no
 *	matching device is found.
 */

struct net_device *dev_get_by_name(struct net *net, const char *name)
{
	struct net_device *dev;

	rcu_read_lock();
	dev = dev_get_by_name_rcu(net, name);
	if (dev)
		dev_hold(dev);
	rcu_read_unlock();
	return dev;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_get_by_name);

/**
 *	__dev_get_by_index - find a device by its ifindex
 *	@net: the applicable net namespace
 *	@ifindex: index of device
 *
 *	Search for an interface by index. Returns %NULL if the device
 *	is not found or a pointer to the device. The device has not
 *	had its reference counter increased so the caller must be careful
 *	about locking. The caller must hold either the RTNL semaphore
 *	or @dev_base_lock.
 */

struct net_device *__dev_get_by_index(struct net *net, int ifindex)
{
	struct net_device *dev;
	struct hlist_head *head = dev_index_hash(net, ifindex);

	hlist_for_each_entry(dev, head, index_hlist)
		if (dev->ifindex == ifindex)
			return dev;

	return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__dev_get_by_index);

/**
 *	dev_get_by_index_rcu - find a device by its ifindex
 *	@net: the applicable net namespace
 *	@ifindex: index of device
 *
 *	Search for an interface by index. Returns %NULL if the device
 *	is not found or a pointer to the device. The device has not
 *	had its reference counter increased so the caller must be careful
 *	about locking. The caller must hold RCU lock.
 */

struct net_device *dev_get_by_index_rcu(struct net *net, int ifindex)
{
	struct net_device *dev;
	struct hlist_head *head = dev_index_hash(net, ifindex);

	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(dev, head, index_hlist)
		if (dev->ifindex == ifindex)
			return dev;

	return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_get_by_index_rcu);


/**
 *	dev_get_by_index - find a device by its ifindex
 *	@net: the applicable net namespace
 *	@ifindex: index of device
 *
 *	Search for an interface by index. Returns NULL if the device
 *	is not found or a pointer to the device. The device returned has
 *	had a reference added and the pointer is safe until the user calls
 *	dev_put to indicate they have finished with it.
 */

struct net_device *dev_get_by_index(struct net *net, int ifindex)
{
	struct net_device *dev;

	rcu_read_lock();
	dev = dev_get_by_index_rcu(net, ifindex);
	if (dev)
		dev_hold(dev);
	rcu_read_unlock();
	return dev;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_get_by_index);

/**
 *	dev_getbyhwaddr_rcu - find a device by its hardware address
 *	@net: the applicable net namespace
 *	@type: media type of device
 *	@ha: hardware address
 *
 *	Search for an interface by MAC address. Returns NULL if the device
 *	is not found or a pointer to the device.
 *	The caller must hold RCU or RTNL.
 *	The returned device has not had its ref count increased
 *	and the caller must therefore be careful about locking
 *
 */

struct net_device *dev_getbyhwaddr_rcu(struct net *net, unsigned short type,
				       const char *ha)
{
	struct net_device *dev;

	for_each_netdev_rcu(net, dev)
		if (dev->type == type &&
		    !memcmp(dev->dev_addr, ha, dev->addr_len))
			return dev;

	return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_getbyhwaddr_rcu);

struct net_device *__dev_getfirstbyhwtype(struct net *net, unsigned short type)
{
	struct net_device *dev;

	ASSERT_RTNL();
	for_each_netdev(net, dev)
		if (dev->type == type)
			return dev;

	return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__dev_getfirstbyhwtype);

struct net_device *dev_getfirstbyhwtype(struct net *net, unsigned short type)
{
	struct net_device *dev, *ret = NULL;

	rcu_read_lock();
	for_each_netdev_rcu(net, dev)
		if (dev->type == type) {
			dev_hold(dev);
			ret = dev;
			break;
		}
	rcu_read_unlock();
	return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_getfirstbyhwtype);

/**
 *	dev_get_by_flags_rcu - find any device with given flags
 *	@net: the applicable net namespace
 *	@if_flags: IFF_* values
 *	@mask: bitmask of bits in if_flags to check
 *
 *	Search for any interface with the given flags. Returns NULL if a device
 *	is not found or a pointer to the device. Must be called inside
 *	rcu_read_lock(), and result refcount is unchanged.
 */

struct net_device *dev_get_by_flags_rcu(struct net *net, unsigned short if_flags,
				    unsigned short mask)
{
	struct net_device *dev, *ret;

	ret = NULL;
	for_each_netdev_rcu(net, dev) {
		if (((dev->flags ^ if_flags) & mask) == 0) {
			ret = dev;
			break;
		}
	}
	return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_get_by_flags_rcu);

/**
 *	dev_valid_name - check if name is okay for network device
 *	@name: name string
 *
 *	Network device names need to be valid file names to
 *	to allow sysfs to work.  We also disallow any kind of
 *	whitespace.
 */
bool dev_valid_name(const char *name)
{
	if (*name == '\0')
		return false;
	if (strlen(name) >= IFNAMSIZ)
		return false;
	if (!strcmp(name, ".") || !strcmp(name, ".."))
		return false;

	while (*name) {
		if (*name == '/' || isspace(*name))
			return false;
		name++;
	}
	return true;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_valid_name);

/**
 *	__dev_alloc_name - allocate a name for a device
 *	@net: network namespace to allocate the device name in
 *	@name: name format string
 *	@buf:  scratch buffer and result name string
 *
 *	Passed a format string - eg "lt%d" it will try and find a suitable
 *	id. It scans list of devices to build up a free map, then chooses
 *	the first empty slot. The caller must hold the dev_base or rtnl lock
 *	while allocating the name and adding the device in order to avoid
 *	duplicates.
 *	Limited to bits_per_byte * page size devices (ie 32K on most platforms).
 *	Returns the number of the unit assigned or a negative errno code.
 */

static int __dev_alloc_name(struct net *net, const char *name, char *buf)
{
	int i = 0;
	const char *p;
	const int max_netdevices = 8*PAGE_SIZE;
	unsigned long *inuse;
	struct net_device *d;

	p = strnchr(name, IFNAMSIZ-1, '%');
	if (p) {
		/*
		 * Verify the string as this thing may have come from
		 * the user.  There must be either one "%d" and no other "%"
		 * characters.
		 */
		if (p[1] != 'd' || strchr(p + 2, '%'))
			return -EINVAL;

		/* Use one page as a bit array of possible slots */
		inuse = (unsigned long *) get_zeroed_page(GFP_ATOMIC);
		if (!inuse)
			return -ENOMEM;

		for_each_netdev(net, d) {
			if (!sscanf(d->name, name, &i))
				continue;
			if (i < 0 || i >= max_netdevices)
				continue;

			/*  avoid cases where sscanf is not exact inverse of printf */
			snprintf(buf, IFNAMSIZ, name, i);
			if (!strncmp(buf, d->name, IFNAMSIZ))
				set_bit(i, inuse);
		}

		i = find_first_zero_bit(inuse, max_netdevices);
		free_page((unsigned long) inuse);
	}

	if (buf != name)
		snprintf(buf, IFNAMSIZ, name, i);
	if (!__dev_get_by_name(net, buf))
		return i;

	/* It is possible to run out of possible slots
	 * when the name is long and there isn't enough space left
	 * for the digits, or if all bits are used.
	 */
	return -ENFILE;
}

/**
 *	dev_alloc_name - allocate a name for a device
 *	@dev: device
 *	@name: name format string
 *
 *	Passed a format string - eg "lt%d" it will try and find a suitable
 *	id. It scans list of devices to build up a free map, then chooses
 *	the first empty slot. The caller must hold the dev_base or rtnl lock
 *	while allocating the name and adding the device in order to avoid
 *	duplicates.
 *	Limited to bits_per_byte * page size devices (ie 32K on most platforms).
 *	Returns the number of the unit assigned or a negative errno code.
 */

int dev_alloc_name(struct net_device *dev, const char *name)
{
	char buf[IFNAMSIZ];
	struct net *net;
	int ret;

	BUG_ON(!dev_net(dev));
	net = dev_net(dev);
	ret = __dev_alloc_name(net, name, buf);
	if (ret >= 0)
		strlcpy(dev->name, buf, IFNAMSIZ);
	return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_alloc_name);

static int dev_alloc_name_ns(struct net *net,
			     struct net_device *dev,