Newer
Older
$line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
my $which = $1;
if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
"$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
}
}
# check for memory barriers without a comment.
if ($line =~ /\b(mb|rmb|wmb|read_barrier_depends|smp_mb|smp_rmb|smp_wmb|smp_read_barrier_depends)\(/) {
if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
"memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
}
}
# check of hardware specific defines
if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
"architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
# Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ && $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage\b/) {
WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
"storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr)
}
# check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
# storage class and type.
if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
$line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
"inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
# Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
$line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
if (WARN("INLINE",
"plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
$fix) {
$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
}
# Check for __attribute__ packed, prefer __packed
if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
$line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bpacked\b/) {
WARN("PREFER_PACKED",
"__packed is preferred over __attribute__((packed))\n" . $herecurr);
# Check for __attribute__ aligned, prefer __aligned
if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
$line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*aligned/) {
WARN("PREFER_ALIGNED",
"__aligned(size) is preferred over __attribute__((aligned(size)))\n" . $herecurr);
# Check for __attribute__ format(printf, prefer __printf
if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
$line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf/) {
if (WARN("PREFER_PRINTF",
"__printf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(printf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
$fix) {
$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__printf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
}
}
# Check for __attribute__ format(scanf, prefer __scanf
if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
$line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\b/) {
if (WARN("PREFER_SCANF",
"__scanf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(scanf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
$fix) {
$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__scanf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
}
}
# check for sizeof(&)
if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
"sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
# check for sizeof without parenthesis
if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
"sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
$fix) {
$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
}
# check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $rawline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
"Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
# check for struct spinlock declarations
if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
"struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
}
# check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
if ($fmt ne "" && $fmt !~ /[^\\]\%/) {
if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
"Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
$fix) {
$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
}
# Check for misused memsets
if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
defined $stat &&
$stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/s) {
my $ms_addr = $2;
my $ms_val = $7;
my $ms_size = $12;
if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
ERROR("MEMSET",
"memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
} elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
WARN("MEMSET",
"single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
}
}
# Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
$line =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/s) {
if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
"Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . $herecurr) &&
$fix) {
$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
}
}
# typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
defined $stat &&
$stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
my $call = $1;
my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
my $arg1 = $3;
my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
my $arg2 = $8;
if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
$cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
} elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
$cast = $cast1;
} else {
$cast = $cast2;
}
WARN("MINMAX",
"$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
}
}
# check usleep_range arguments
if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
defined $stat &&
$stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
my $min = $1;
my $max = $7;
if ($min eq $max) {
WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
"usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
} elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
$min > $max) {
WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
"usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
}
}
# check for naked sscanf
if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
defined $stat &&
$stat =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
$stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
$stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
$lc = $lc + $linenr;
my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
$stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
}
WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
"unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
}
# check for new externs in .h files.
if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
$line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
"extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
$fix) {
$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
}
}
# check for new externs in .c files.
if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
$stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
my $function_name = $1;
my $paren_space = $2;
my $s = $stat;
if (defined $cond) {
substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
}
if ($s =~ /^\s*;/ &&
$function_name ne 'uninitialized_var')
{
WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
"externs should be avoided in .c files\n" . $herecurr);
}
if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
"arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
$stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
{
WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
"externs should be avoided in .c files\n" . $herecurr);
}
# checks for new __setup's
if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
my $name = $1;
if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
"__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt\n" . $herecurr);
# check for pointless casting of kmalloc return

Joe Perches
committed
if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*[kv][czm]alloc(_node){0,1}\b/) {
WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
"unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
# alloc style
# p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
$line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*([kv][mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
"Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
}
# check for krealloc arg reuse
if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
$line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*\1\s*,/) {
WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
"Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
}
# check for alloc argument mismatch
if ($line =~ /\b(kcalloc|kmalloc_array)\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
"$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
}
# check for GFP_NOWAIT use
if ($line =~ /\b__GFP_NOFAIL\b/) {
WARN("__GFP_NOFAIL",
"Use of __GFP_NOFAIL is deprecated, no new users should be added\n" . $herecurr);
}

Joe Perches
committed
# check for multiple semicolons
if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
"Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
$fix) {
$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
}
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# check for case / default statements not preceeded by break/fallthrough/switch
if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)\s*|default):/) {
my $has_break = 0;
my $has_statement = 0;
my $count = 0;
my $prevline = $linenr;
while ($prevline > 1 && $count < 3 && !$has_break) {
$prevline--;
my $rline = $rawlines[$prevline - 1];
my $fline = $lines[$prevline - 1];
last if ($fline =~ /^\@\@/);
next if ($fline =~ /^\-/);
next if ($fline =~ /^.(?:\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)[\s$;]*|default):[\s$;]*)*$/);
$has_break = 1 if ($rline =~ /fall[\s_-]*(through|thru)/i);
next if ($fline =~ /^.[\s$;]*$/);
$has_statement = 1;
$count++;
$has_break = 1 if ($fline =~ /\bswitch\b|\b(?:break\s*;[\s$;]*$|return\b|goto\b|continue\b)/);
}
if (!$has_break && $has_statement) {
WARN("MISSING_BREAK",
"Possible switch case/default not preceeded by break or fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
}
}
# check for switch/default statements without a break;
if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
defined $stat &&
$stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
my $ctx = '';
my $herectx = $here . "\n";
my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
}
WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
"switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);

Joe Perches
committed
}
# check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
"__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n" . $herecurr) &&
$fix) {
$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
}
# check for use of yield()
if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
WARN("YIELD",
"Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n" . $herecurr);
}
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# check for comparisons against true and false
if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
my $lead = $1;
my $arg = $2;
my $test = $3;
my $otype = $4;
my $trail = $5;
my $op = "!";
($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
my $type = lc($otype);
if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
$op = "";
}
CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
"Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
## "Using comparison to $otype is error prone. Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
}
}
# check for semaphores initialized locked
if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
"consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
# recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
"$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
# check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly please
if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
"please use device_initcall() instead of __initcall()\n" . $herecurr);
}
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# check for various ops structs, ensure they are const.
my $struct_ops = qr{acpi_dock_ops|
address_space_operations|
backlight_ops|
block_device_operations|
dentry_operations|
dev_pm_ops|
dma_map_ops|
extent_io_ops|
file_lock_operations|
file_operations|
hv_ops|
ide_dma_ops|
intel_dvo_dev_ops|
item_operations|
iwl_ops|
kgdb_arch|
kgdb_io|
kset_uevent_ops|
lock_manager_operations|
microcode_ops|
mtrr_ops|
neigh_ops|
nlmsvc_binding|
pci_raw_ops|
pipe_buf_operations|
platform_hibernation_ops|
platform_suspend_ops|
proto_ops|
rpc_pipe_ops|
seq_operations|
snd_ac97_build_ops|
soc_pcmcia_socket_ops|
stacktrace_ops|
sysfs_ops|
tty_operations|
usb_mon_operations|
wd_ops}x;
if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
$line =~ /\bstruct\s+($struct_ops)\b/) {
WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
"struct $1 should normally be const\n" .
$herecurr);
# use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
# ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
$line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
$line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
$line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
$line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
$line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/)
WARN("NR_CPUS",
"usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
# Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
"#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
}
# check for %L{u,d,i} in strings
my $string;
while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
$string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
$string =~ s/%%/__/g;
if ($string =~ /(?<!%)%L[udi]/) {
WARN("PRINTF_L",
"\%Ld/%Lu are not-standard C, use %lld/%llu\n" . $herecurr);
# whine mightly about in_atomic
if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
"do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
} elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
"use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
# check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
$line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
$realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
$realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
ERROR("LOCKDEP",
"lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_file.*S_IWUGO/ ||
$line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*S_IWUGO/ ) {
WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
"Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
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foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
my $func = $entry->[0];
my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
my $skip_args = "";
if ($arg_pos > 1) {
$arg_pos--;
$skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
}
my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}([\\d]+)\\s*[,\\)]";
if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
$line =~ /$test/) {
my $val = $1;
$val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
if ($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) {
ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
"Use octal not decimal permissions\n" . $herecurr);
}
}
}
}
# If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
# so just keep quiet.
if ($#rawlines == -1) {
exit(0);
# In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
# things that appear to be patches.
if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
exit(0);
}
# This is not a patch, and we are are in 'no-patch' mode so
# just keep quiet.
if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
exit(0);
}
if (!$is_patch) {
ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
"Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
}
if ($is_patch && $chk_signoff && $signoff == 0) {
ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
"Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
(($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
"$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
print "\n" if ($quiet == 0);
if ($quiet == 0) {
if ($^V lt 5.10.0) {
print("NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.\n");
print("An upgrade to at least perl v5.10.0 is suggested.\n\n");
}
# If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
# then suggest that.
if ($rpt_cleaners) {
print "NOTE: whitespace errors detected, you may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or\n";
print " scripts/cleanfile\n\n";
}
}
hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
if ($clean == 0 && $fix && "@rawlines" ne "@fixed") {
my $newfile = $filename;
$newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
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my $linecount = 0;
my $f;
open($f, '>', $newfile)
or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
$linecount++;
if ($file) {
if ($linecount > 3) {
$fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
print $f $fixed_line. "\n";
}
} else {
print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
}
}
close($f);
if (!$quiet) {
print << "EOM";
Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
No warranties, expressed or implied...
EOM
}
}
print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n"
}
if ($clean == 0 && $quiet == 0) {
print << "EOM";
$vname has style problems, please review.
If any of these errors are false positives, please report
them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
EOM